PSC482G, Spring 2000
Answers for Assignment 3
Critical thinking 3

Answer these questions:
Categorize each of these 25 pieces of evidence as inherently strong or weak with respect to two standpoints: (a) its inherent properties; and (b) the topic listed in brackets after it.

Piece of evidence

Inherent strength

Strength wrt brackets

 

 

 

1. Three spent cartridges were found in the sniper’s nest on the sixth floor of the Depository [three shots fired that day].

Strong

Weak

2. One entrance wound was found in the rear of JFK’s head; one in his back [both hits from the rear, no conspiracy].

Strong

Weak

3. The Zapruder film shows that Kennedy’s head moved forward, then back [two shooters, therefore conspiracy].

Strong

Strong

4. Immediately after the shooting, police and the crowd rushed up the grass toward the picket fence [shooter behind the picket fence, therefore conspiracy].

Strong

Weak

5. Many witnesses recalled hearing shots from the direction of the grassy knoll [shooter on the grassy knoll, therefore conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

6. Many witnesses heard shots from the direction of the Depository [shooter in the Depository].

Weak

Weak

7. Howard Brennan saw a sniper fire the last shot from the Depository [fatal head shot came from the Depository].

Weak

Weak

8. Metal fragments in JFK’s head formed a cone opening from the small rear wound to the large missing area of skull on the right side [Kennedy’s head hit from the rear].

Strong

Strong

9. The area of the limousine in front of the Kennedys was covered with blood and tissue [Kennedy’s head hit from the rear].

Strong

Strong

10. Most witnesses heard between two and five shots [between two and five shots fired].

Weak

Weak

11. At least two persons in Dealey Plaza smelled gunpowder at ground level [a shooter at ground level, therefore conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

12. Extreme enlargement of Mary Moorman’s Polaroid photo shows two or three figures behind the picket fence on the knoll [a shooter behind the picket fence, therefore conspiracy].

Strong

Strong

13. As William Morrow wrote in his two books, he bought three identical Mannlicher-Carcano rifles for use in the assassination [conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

14. Of the three large bullet fragments recovered, two were traceable ballistically to Oswald’s rifle to the exclusion of all other rifles [only Oswald shot the President].

Strong

Weak

15. The bullet recovered from the stretcher in Parkland Hospital is both traceable to Oswald’s rifle and pristine [the bullet was shot earlier from Oswald’s rifle and planted at the scene].

Strong

Weak

16. Between the hits to Kennedy and Connally’s bodies, there was insufficient time for a shooter using Oswald’s rifle to refire [second shooter needed, therefore conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

17. The diffuse cloud of fragments from JFK’s head moved forward, upward, and to the sides [JFK’s head hit from the rear].

Strong

Strong

18. A motorcycle policeman to the left rear of the limousine was hit on his right side by fast-moving fragments from JFK’s head [JFK’s head hit from the right front, therefore conspiracy].

Strong

Weak

19. One witness saw a man carry a rifle up the grassy knoll shortly before the assassination [shooter on the grassy knoll, therefore conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

20. As Oswald said, he was eating lunch in the second-floor lunchroom at the time of the shooting [Oswald fired no shots].

Weak

Weak

21. A photo of the Depository, when greatly enlarged, shows a human figure in another sixth-floor window [two shooters in Depository, therefore conspiracy].

Strong

Strong

22. A number of witnesses saw a man behind the picket fence break down a rifle immediately after the shooting, put it into a case, hand the case to another person, and stride rapidly away from the scene [shooter behind the fence, therefore conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

23. Footprints were found in a muddy area behind the grassy knoll [shooter behind the fence, therefore conspiracy].

Strong

Weak

24. Beverly Oliver, the “babushka lady” who was just to the left of the president’s limousine at the time of the head shot, looked right down the barrel of a rifle being fired from the top of the knoll [conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

25. Nearly all the medical personnel at Parkland Hospital saw the fatal wound in Kennedy’s head at the rear, not on the right side as the autopsy photos show [autopsy photos tampered with, therefore conspiracy].

Weak

Weak

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